USATC S200 Class

USATC S200
No. 46224 at TCDD Open Air Steam Locomotive Museum, Ankara, Turkey
Type and origin Power type Steam Builder American Locomotive Company (60), Baldwin Locomotive Works (70), Lima Locomotive Works (70) Build date 1941–1942 Total produced 200
Specifications Configuration: ​  • Whyte 2-8-2  • UIC 1′D1′ h2 Gauge 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge Leading dia. 30 in (0.762 m) Driver dia. 60 in (1.524 m) Trailing dia. 42 in (1.067 m) Minimum curve 21° (274.37 ft or 83.63 m) Length 68 ft 4 in (20.83 m) Adhesive weight 143,000 lb (65,000 kg) Loco weight 200,000 lb (91,000 kg) Tender weight 123,000 lb (56,000 kg) Fuel type Coal or Oil Fuel capacity 18,000 lb (8,200 kg) coal or 2,500 US gallons (9,500 L; 2,100 imp gal) oil Water cap. 6,500 US gallons (25,000 L; 5,400 imp gal) Firebox: ​  • Grate area 47 sq ft (4.4 m2) Boiler pressure 200 psi (1.38 MPa) Heating surface: ​  • Firebox 179 sq ft (16.6 m2)  • Tubes and flues 1,985 sq ft (184.4 m2)  • Total surface 2,164 sq ft (201.0 m2) Superheater: ​  • Heating area 625 sq ft (58.1 m2) Cylinders Two, outside Cylinder size 21 in × 28 in (533 mm × 711 mm) Valve gear Walschaerts Valve type 10-inch (254 mm) piston valves
Performance figures Tractive effort 35,000 lbf (155.7 kN) Factor of adh. 4.08
Career Operators USATC; War Department; TCDD; China Railway Numbers USATC & WD: 1000–1199 Locale Middle East, Iran, Iraq, Turkey, Italy, China Scrapped 1959 (UK) 1959-1972 (Italy) 1973-1981 (Turkey) 1982-1983 (Iran) 1984-1986 (Iraq) 1988-1996 (China) Disposition Most scrapped, At least two known preserved
Sources:[1]

The United States Army Transportation Corps (USATC) S200 Class is a class of 2-8-2 "Mikado" type steam locomotive. They were introduced in 1941 and lent-leased to the United Kingdom for use in the Middle East during World War II.

At least 85 S200s operated in the Middle East, including Egypt, Palestine and Lebanon.^[2] One was destroyed by fire at El Arish in Egypt in 1942.^[3] 29 of this batch was later supplied to Turkey where they became the TCDD 46201 Class. In 1946, another 24 were transferred to TCDD which added them to the same number series 46201–46253. 51 S200s built in 1942 served on the Trans-Iranian Railway, where they became Iranian class 42.^[4]

After the Allied invasion of Italy, 31 S200s were transferred and used there. 30 of these entered FS stock as FS Class 747 Nos. 747.001–747.030; the other one caught fire and was destroyed.

Thirty were donated to China by the UNRRA. China Railway designated these as class ㄇㄎ10 (MK10) in 1951, then reclassifying them as class 解放10 (JF10, Jiefang, "Liberation") and numbering them 3711−3740.^{[citation needed]}

Two of the Turkish locomotives survive: 46224 at Ankara and 46244 at the Çamlık Railway Museum.

• Alexandros Gregoriou: The USATC steam locomotives in Greece, 1947, 1959
• Trains of Turkey: 46201 to 46253