Chunga pitha

Chunga pitha

Alternative names	Chungapura pitha, Sunga pitha, Sunga saul
Type	Desserts
Course	Breakfast and light refreshment
Place of origin	India, Bangladesh
Region or state	Assam
Associated cuisine	Assamese cuisine, Burmese, Cambodian, Lao, Thai, Vietnamese
Main ingredients	Glutinous rice and bamboo[1]
Similar dishes	Lemang, Kralan, Khao lam, Daetong-bap, Sticky rice in bamboo
Media: Chunga pitha

Chunga pitha, Sunga pitha, Chungapura pitha or Sunga saul is a traditional rice cake (pitha) originating in the Assam and Sylhet region of South Asia.^[2][3] Though its main ingredients are bamboo and glutinous (sticky) rice, it is also made with binni rice, milk, sugar, coconut, and rice powder.^[4][5][6] This unique delicacy is prepared when sticky rice is stuffed inside young bamboo and smoked slowly.^[7] It is popularly known as a distinct and traditional food in Assamese and Bengali cuisines.^[8][9][10]

This traditional delicacy is famous in Assam.^[11] It is prepared at the time of Magh Bihu or Bhogali Bihu, a harvest festival celebrated in India's northeastern Assam.^[12]

Sticky rice in bamboo is known as a ubiquitous traditional food in many traditional Southeast Asian communities. In Minangkabau culture, lemang, or lamang is a traditional food which consists of glutinous rice or tapai that is used in various traditional ceremonies, mainly in West Sumatra, Indonesia.

Fish bazaars have been very common throughout Bengal for centuries. People in the Sylhet region buy fish from these markets or catch big fish (rui, katla, chitl, gual, pabda, koi, magur) from the haors and rivers, and fry them to eat.^[3] It was seen as a shame not to offer chunga pitha, fried fish, and coconut milk/sweets or murabba, to guests or a new son-in-law at the end of a meal.^[13]

The various hill tribes of Sylhet had a tradition of cutting bamboo and putting wet rice inside it. Gradually, the food started to be popular from the hills to the Sylhetis living in the plains. In the course of time, this chunga (bamboo tube) dish came to be known as chunga pitha.^[14]

Though atap rice is the main food of the people of Sylhet region, they prefer glutinous rice to make this delicacy.^[15]

To make this rice cake, mulibash (a small type of bamboo) is required. This bamboo contains a special type of especially oily chemical that helps not burn the bamboo shoots in a fire. Sticky rice rolled with banana leaf is inserted into the bamboo tube.^[14] Then it is burned with straw to make chunga pitha.^[16] Due to the presence of excessive juice of the bamboo, the inner part of the tube is boiled in the heat of the fire.^[9] This bamboo is used to make different types of rice cakes. In some places, baking is occurred with sticky rice, milk, sugar, coconut, and rice powder.^[3]

Once the delicacy is prepared, the rice cake is shaped as a candle and separated from the tube.^[17]

• Bangladeshi cuisine
• Zongzi
• Sticky rice in bamboo
• Puto bumbong