Módulo:ConvertNumeric

-- Módulo para convertir entre diferentes representaciones de números 
-- Los tests están en [[Módulo:ConvertNumeric/tests]], úsalos para verificar las ediciones
-- Antes de editar el módulo prueba tus cambios en [[Módulo:ConvertNumeric/sandbox]] y verifica que funcionan en [[Módulo_discusión:ConvertNumeric/sandbox/testcases]]

local posicion_unidades = {
	[0] = 'cero',
	[1] = 'uno',
	[2] = 'dos',
	[3] = 'tres',
	[4] = 'cuatro',
	[5] = 'cinco',
	[6] = 'seis',
	[7] = 'siete',
	[8] = 'ocho',
	[9] = 'nueve',
	[10] = 'diez',
	[11] = 'once',
	[12] = 'doce',
	[13] = 'trece',
	[14] = 'catorce',
	[15] = 'quince',
	[16] = 'dieciséis',
	[17] = 'diecisiete',
	[18] = 'dieciocho',
	[19] = 'diecinueve'
}

local posicion_unidades_ord = {
	[0] = 'cero',  -- No existe en español una diferencia
	[1] = 'primero',
	[2] = 'segundo',
	[3] = 'tercero',
	[4] = 'cuarto',
	[5] = 'quinto',
	[6] = 'sexto',
	[7] = 'séptimo',
	[8] = 'octavo',
	[9] = 'noveno',
	[10] = 'décimo',
	[11] = 'décimo primero',
	[12] = 'duodécimo',
	[13] = 'décimo tercero',
	[14] = 'décimo cuarto',
	[15] = 'décimo quinto',
	[16] = 'décimo sexto',
	[17] = 'décimo séptimo',
	[18] = 'décimo octavo',
	[19] = 'décimo noveno'
}

local separadores = {
	[0] = ' y ', -- Para cardinales
	[1] = ' ',  -- Para ordinales
}

local posicion_decenas = {
	[2] = 'veinte',
	[3] = 'treinta',
	[4] = 'cuarenta',
	[5] = 'cincuenta',
	[6] = 'sesenta',
	[7] = 'setenta',
	[8] = 'ochenta',
	[9] = 'noventa'
}

local posicion_decenas_ord = {
	[2] = 'vigésimo',
	[3] = 'trigésimo',
	[4] = 'cuadragésimo',
	[5] = 'quincuagésimo',
	[6] = 'sexagésimo',
	[7] = 'septuagésimo',
	[8] = 'octogésimo',
	[9] = 'nonagésimo'
}

local posicion_centenas = {
	[1] = 'cien',
	[2] = 'doscientos',
	[3] = 'trescientos',
	[4] = 'cuatrocientos',
	[5] = 'quinientos',
	[6] = 'seiscientos',
	[7] = 'setecientos',
	[8] = 'ochocientos',
	[9] = 'novecientos'
}

local posicion_centenas_ord = {
	[1] = 'centésimo',
	[2] = 'ducentésimo',
	[3] = 'tricentésimo',
	[4] = 'cuadringentésimo',
	[5] = 'quingentésimo',
	[6] = 'sexcentésimo',
	[7] = 'septingentésimo',
	[8] = 'octingentésimo',
	[9] = 'noningentésimo'
}

local groups = {
	[1] = 'mi',
	[2] = 'bi',
	[3] = 'tri',
	[4] = 'cuatri',
	[5] = 'quinti',
	[6] = 'sexti',
	[7] = 'septi',
	[8] = 'octi',
	[9] = 'noni',
	[10] = 'deci',
	[11] = 'undeci',
	[12] = 'duodeci',
	[13] = 'tredeci',
	[14] = 'cuatordeci',
	[15] = 'quindeci',
	[16] = 'sexdeci',
	[17] = 'septendeci',
	[18] = 'octodeci',
	[19] = 'novendeci',
	[20] = 'viginti'
}

local decimal_small_groups = {
    [1] = 'décima',
    [2] = 'centésima',
    [3] = 'milésima',
    [4] = 'diezmilésima',
    [5] = 'cienmilésima',
}

local roman_numerals = {
	I = 1,
	V = 5,
	X = 10,
	L = 50,
	C = 100,
	D = 500,
	M = 1000
}


-- Converts a given valid roman numeral (and some invalid roman numerals) to a number. Returns -1, errorstring on error
local function roman_to_numeral(roman)
	if type(roman) ~= "string" then return -1, "el número romano no es un string" end
	local rev = roman:reverse()
	local raising = true
	local last = 0
	local result = 0
	for i = 1, #rev do
		local c = rev:sub(i, i)
		local next = roman_numerals[c]
		if next == nil then return -1, "el número romano contiene un caracter erróneo " .. c end
		if next > last then
			result = result + next
			raising = true
		elseif next < last then
			result = result - next
			raising = false
		elseif raising then
			result = result + next
		else
			result = result - next
		end
		last = next
	end
	return result
end

-- Convierte un número entre 0 y 100 a texto en Español (ejemplo 47 -> cuarenta y siete)
local function numeral_to_spanish_less_100(num, ordinal, zero, final)
	local unidades, decenas
	if ordinal then
		unidades = posicion_unidades_ord
		decenas = posicion_decenas_ord
		sep = separadores[1]
	else
		unidades = posicion_unidades
		decenas = posicion_decenas
		sep = separadores[0]
	end
	
	local value = ''

	if num == 0 and zero ~= nil then									-- Si es 0 y se especifica valor para el caso cero
		value = zero
	elseif num < 20 then                                                -- Caso para números menores de 20 que son raros en general
		value = unidades[num]
	elseif num % 10 == 0 then                                           -- Caso genérico para veinte, treinta, cuarenta etc | cuadragésimo
		value = decenas[num / 10]
	elseif math.floor(num / 10) == 2 and not ordinal then                   -- Caso especial para el veintiuno veintidos veintitres etc....
		local tmp = 'veinti' .. unidades[num % 10] 
		if tmp == 'veintidos' then tmp = 'veintidós' end
        if tmp == 'veintitres' then tmp = 'veintitrés' end
        if tmp == 'veintiseis' then tmp = 'veintiséis' end
		value = tmp
	else                                                                -- Caso genérico de noventa y uno, cincuenta y dos | vigesimo tercero
		value = decenas[math.floor(num / 10)] .. sep .. unidades[num % 10]  
	end
	
	if not final and value == 'cero' then
		value = ''
	end
	
	return value
end

-- Convierte un entero entre 0 y 1000 a texto en Español (e.g. 475 -> cuatrocientos setenta y cinco)
local function numeral_to_spanish_less_1000(num, ordinal, zero, final)
	local centenas
	if ordinal then
		centenas = posicion_centenas_ord
	else
		centenas = posicion_centenas
	end
	num = tonumber(num)
	if num < 100 then
		return numeral_to_spanish_less_100(num, ordinal, zero, final)
	elseif num % 100 == 0 then
		return centenas[num/100]
	elseif math.floor(num/100) == 1 and not ordinal then
		return 'ciento' .. ' ' .. numeral_to_spanish_less_100(num % 100, ordinal, zero)
	else
		return centenas[math.floor(num/100)] .. ' ' .. numeral_to_spanish_less_100(num % 100, ordinal, zero, final)
	end
end


-- Convierte un número expresado en notación científica a la notación decimal estándar
-- ejemplo 1.23E5 -> 123000, 1.23E-5 = .0000123. La conversión es exacta, sin redondeos.
local function scientific_notation_to_decimal(num)
	local exponent, subs = num:gsub("^%-?%d*%.?%d*%-?[Ee]([+%-]?%d+)$", "%1")
	if subs == 0 then return num end  -- Input not in scientific notation, just return unmodified
	exponent = tonumber(exponent)

	local negative = num:find("^%-")
	local _, decimal_pos = num:find("%.")
	-- Mantissa will consist of all decimal digits with no decimal point
	local mantissa = num:gsub("^%-?(%d*)%.?(%d*)%-?[Ee][+%-]?%d+$", "%1%2")
	if negative and decimal_pos then decimal_pos = decimal_pos - 1 end
	if not decimal_pos then decimal_pos = #mantissa + 1 end

	-- Remove leading zeros unless decimal point is in first position
	while decimal_pos > 1 and mantissa:sub(1,1) == '0' do
		mantissa = mantissa:sub(2)
		decimal_pos = decimal_pos - 1
	end
	-- Shift decimal point right for exponent > 0
	while exponent > 0 do
		decimal_pos = decimal_pos + 1
		exponent = exponent - 1
		if decimal_pos > #mantissa + 1 then mantissa = mantissa .. '0' end
		-- Remove leading zeros unless decimal point is in first position
		while decimal_pos > 1 and mantissa:sub(1,1) == '0' do
			mantissa = mantissa:sub(2)
			decimal_pos = decimal_pos - 1
		end
	end
	-- Shift decimal point left for exponent < 0
	while exponent < 0 do
		if decimal_pos == 1 then
			mantissa = '0' .. mantissa
		else
			decimal_pos = decimal_pos - 1
		end
		exponent = exponent + 1
	end

	-- Insert decimal point in correct position and return
	return (negative and '-' or '') .. mantissa:sub(1, decimal_pos - 1) .. '.' .. mantissa:sub(decimal_pos)
end

-- Rounds a number to the nearest two-word number (round = up, down, or "on" for round to nearest)
-- Numbers with two digits before the decimal will be rounded to an integer as specified by round.
-- Larger numbers will be rounded to a number with only one nonzero digit in front and all other digits zero.
-- Negative sign is preserved and does not count towards word limit.
local function round_for_english(num, round)
	-- If an integer with at most two digits, just return
	if num:find("^%-?%d?%d%.?$") then return num end

	local negative = num:find("^%-")
	if negative then
		-- We're rounding magnitude so flip it
		if round == 'up' then round = 'down' elseif round == 'down' then round = 'up' end
	end

	-- If at most two digits before decimal, round to integer and return
	local _, _, small_int, trailing_digits, round_digit = num:find("^%-?(%d?%d?)%.((%d)%d*)$")
	if small_int then
		if small_int == '' then small_int = '0' end
		if (round == 'up' and trailing_digits:find('[1-9]')) or (round == 'on' and tonumber(round_digit) >= 5) then
			small_int = tostring(tonumber(small_int) + 1)
		end
		return (negative and '-' or '') .. small_int
	end

	-- When rounding up, any number with > 1 nonzero digit will round up (e.g. 1000000.001 rounds up to 2000000)
	local nonzero_digits = 0
	for digit in num:gfind("[1-9]") do
		nonzero_digits = nonzero_digits + 1
	end

	num = num:gsub("%.%d*$", "") -- Remove decimal part
	-- Second digit used to determine which way to round lead digit
	local _, _, lead_digit, round_digit, round_digit_2, rest = num:find("^%-?(%d)(%d)(%d)(%d*)$")
	if tonumber(lead_digit .. round_digit) < 20 and (1 + #rest) % 3 == 0 then
		-- In English numbers < 20 are one word so put 2 digits in lead and round based on 3rd
		lead_digit = lead_digit .. round_digit
		round_digit = round_digit_2
	else
		rest = round_digit_2 .. rest
	end

	if (round == 'up' and nonzero_digits > 1) or (round == 'on' and tonumber(round_digit) >= 5) then
		lead_digit = tostring(tonumber(lead_digit) + 1)
	end
	-- All digits but lead digit will turn to zero
	rest = rest:gsub("%d", "0")
	return (negative and '-' or '') .. lead_digit .. '0' .. rest
end

-- Takes a decimal number and converts it to English text.
-- Return nil if a fraction cannot be converted (only some numbers are supported for fractions).
-- num (string or nil): the number to convert.
--      Can be an arbitrarily large decimal, such as "-123456789123456789.345", and
--      can use scientific notation (e.g. "1.23E5").
--      May fail for very large numbers not listed in "groups" such as "1E4000".
--      num is nil if there is no whole number before a fraction.
-- numerator (string or nil): numerator of fraction (nil if no fraction)
-- denominator (string or nil): denominator of fraction (nil if no fraction)
-- capitalize (boolean): whether to capitalize the result (e.g. 'One' instead of 'one')
-- use_and (boolean): whether to use the word 'and' between tens/ones place and higher places
-- hyphenate (boolean): whether to hyphenate all words in the result, useful for use as an adjective
-- ordinal (boolean): whether to produce an ordinal (e.g. 'first' instead of 'one')
-- plural (boolean): whether to pluralize the resulting number
-- links: nil: do not add any links; 'on': link "billion" and larger to Orders of magnitude article;
--        any other text: list of numbers to link (e.g. "billion,quadrillion")
-- negative_word: word to use for negative sign (typically 'negative' or 'minus'; nil to use default)
-- round: nil or '': no rounding; 'on': round to nearest two-word number; 'up'/'down': round up/down to two-word number
-- zero: word to use for value '0' (nil to use default)
-- use_one (boolean): false: 2+1/2 → "two and a half"; true: "two and one-half"
local function numeral_to_spanish(num, capitalize, ordinal, links, negative_word, round, zero)
	if not negative_word then
		negative_word = 'menos'
	end
	
	
	num = scientific_notation_to_decimal(num)
	if round and round ~= '' then
		if round ~= 'on' and round ~= 'up' and round ~= 'down' then
			error("Invalid rounding mode")
		end
		num = round_for_english(num, round)
	end

	-- Separar y detectar el signo negativo, num (dígitos antes del punto decimal), decimal_places (digitos después del decimal)
	
	-- Manejo de signos
	local MINUS = '−'  -- Si utiliza el signo Unicode U+2212 MINUS SIGN reemplazarlo por el '-'
	if num:sub(1, #MINUS) == MINUS then
		num = '-' .. num:sub(#MINUS + 1)  -- replace MINUS with '-'
	elseif num:sub(1, 1) == '+' then  --Si encuentra un '+' ignorarlo
		num = num:sub(2)  -- ignore any '+'
	end
	
	
	
	local negative = num:find("^%-")  --Extraer el signo
	
	local decimal_places, subs = num:gsub("^%-?%d*%.(%d+)$", "%1") -- Extraer posiciones decimales
	if subs == 0 then decimal_places = nil end  -- Si no hay marcarlo como nil
	
	num, subs = num:gsub("^%-?(%d*)%.?%d*$", "%1") -- Extraer el número
	if num == '' and decimal_places then num = '0' end  -- Si está vacío y hay decimales -> marcar como 0
	if subs == 0 or num == '' then error("Número decimal erróneo") end  -- Si no se encuentra número se lanza un error



	-- For each group of 3 digits except the last one, print with appropriate group name (e.g. million)
	local s = ''  -- Aquí se irá almacenando el número

	while #num > 6 do
		if s ~= '' then s = s .. ' ' end  -- Si ya se han añadido cosas meter espacio
		local group_num = math.floor(#num/6)
	
		local group = groups[group_num]
		
		
		local group_digits_B = #num - group_num*6
		local group_digits_A = group_digits_B-3
		
		
		-- Los grupos son: XXXYYY000000
		--                  A  B  resto
		
		-- Manejando el grupo A
		if group_digits_A > 0 then
			if tonumber(num:sub(1, group_digits_A)) ~= 1 then
				local res = numeral_to_spanish_less_1000(num:sub(1, group_digits_A), false, zero, false):gsub('uno', 'un')
			    s = s .. res .. ' '
			end
			s = s .. 'mil ' 
		else
		    group_digits_A = 0
		end
		
		-- Manejando el grupo B
		if tonumber(num:sub(group_digits_A+1, group_digits_B)) ~= 1 then
		    if tonumber(num:sub(group_digits_A+1, group_digits_B)) ~= 0 then
		        local res = numeral_to_spanish_less_1000(num:sub(group_digits_A+1, group_digits_B), false, zero, false):gsub('uno', 'un')
			    s = s .. res .. ' '
			end
		else
			s = s .. 'un '
		end
		
		-- Añade la terminación al nombre de grupo en plural o singular
		if tonumber(num:sub(1, group_digits_B)) ~= 1 or group_digits_B == 6 then
			group = group .. 'llones'
		else
			group = group .. 'llón'
		end
		
		-- Cambia millon/millones por millonésimo en los ordinales que toque
		if ordinal and string.find(group, 'mill') and tonumber(num:sub(group_digits_B, group_digits_B+3)) == 0 then
    	    group = 'millonésimo'
	    end
		
		-- Si el enlazado está activo coloca el enlace al grupo
		if links and (((links == 'on' and group_num >= 1) or links:find(group)) and group_num <= 13) then
			s = s .. '[[Orden_de_magnitud_(números)#10' .. group_num*6 .. '|' .. group .. ']]'
		else
			s = s .. group -- Si no lo deja tal cual
		end
		
		num = num:sub(1 + group_digits_B)
		num = num:gsub("^0*", "")  -- Trim leading zeros
	end

	-- Handle final six digits of integer part
	if s ~= '' and num ~= '' then
		s = s .. ' '
	end
	if s == '' or num ~= '' then
		local num_digits_A = 0
		local isOnly = true
		if #num > 3 then
			local num_digits_A = #num - 3			
			if tonumber(num:sub(1, num_digits_A)) ~= 1 then
			    if ordinal and tonumber(num:sub(1, num_digits_A)) < 100 then
				    s = s .. numeral_to_spanish_less_1000(num:sub(1, num_digits_A), false, zero, false)
			    else
				    s = s .. numeral_to_spanish_less_1000(num:sub(1, num_digits_A), false, zero, false) .. ' '
				end
			end
			if ordinal then
				s = s .. 'milésimo '
			else
				s = s .. 'mil '
			end
			num = num:sub(1 + num_digits_A)
			isOnly = false
		end
		s = s .. numeral_to_spanish_less_1000(num:sub(num_digits_A, #num), ordinal, zero, isOnly)			
	end

	-- For decimal places (if any) output "point" followed by spelling out digit by digit
	if decimal_places then
	    local name = ''
	    local one = false
	    if #decimal_places > 5 then
	        local d = math.ceil((#decimal_places - 5)/6)
	        name = groups[d] .. 'llonésima'
	    else
	        name = decimal_small_groups[#decimal_places]
	    end
	    
	    if decimal_places ~= '1' then
	        name = name .. 's'
	    else
	        one = true
	    end
		s = s .. ' con'
		
		--for i = 1, #decimal_places do
			--s = s .. ' ' .. posicion_unidades[tonumber(decimal_places:sub(i,i))]
		--end
		while decimal_places:sub(1,1) == '0' do
			decimal_places = decimal_places:sub(2, #decimal_places)
		end
		
		s = s .. ' ' .. numeral_to_spanish(decimal_places, false, false, links, false, false, zero):gsub('uno', 'una'):gsub('cientos', 'cientas')
		
		s = s .. ' ' .. name
	end

	s = s:gsub("^%s*(.-)%s*$", "%1")   -- Trim whitespace
	if negative and s ~= cero then s = negative_word .. ' ' .. s end
	s = s:gsub("menos cero", "cero")
	if capitalize then s = s:gsub("^%l", string.upper) end
	s = s:gsub("^%s*(.-)%s*$", "%1")   -- Trim whitespace
	return s
end

---- Función recursiva para convertir números decimales a hexadecimales
local function decToHexDigit(dec)
	local dig = {"0","1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9","A","B","C","D","E","F"}
	local div = math.floor(dec/16)
	local mod = dec-(16*div)
	if div >= 1 then return decToHexDigit(div)..dig[mod+1] else return dig[mod+1] end
end

local p = {  -- Functions that can be called from another module
	roman_to_numeral = roman_to_numeral,
	spell_number = numeral_to_spanish
}

function p._roman_to_numeral(frame) -- Callable via {{#invoke:ConvertNumeric|_roman_to_numeral|VI}}
	return roman_to_numeral(frame.args[1])
end

function p.numeral_to_spanish(frame)
	local args = frame.args
	local num = args[1]
	num = num:gsub("^%s*(.-)%s*$", "%1")   -- Quitar espacios en blanco
	num = num:gsub(",", "")   -- Quitar comas
	num = num:gsub("^<span[^<>]*></span>", "") -- Generated by Template:age
	if num ~= '' then  -- a fraction may have an empty whole number
		if not num:find("^%-?%d*%.?%d*%-?[Ee]?[+%-]?%d*$") then
			-- Input not in a valid format, try to pass it through #expr to see
			-- if that produces a number (e.g. "3 + 5" will become "8").
			num = frame:preprocess('{{#expr: ' .. num .. '}}')
		end
	end

	-- Pass args from frame to helper function
	return numeral_to_spanish(
		num,
		args['case'] == 'U' or args['case'] == 'u',
		args['ord'] == 'on',
		args['lk'],
		args['negative'],
		args['round'],
		args['zero']
	) or ''
end

function p.decToHex(frame)
	local args=frame.args
	local parent=frame.getParent(frame)
	local pargs={}
	if parent then pargs=parent.args end
	local text=args[1] or pargs[1] or ""
	local minlength=args.minlength or pargs.minlength or 1
	minlength=tonumber(minlength)
	local prowl=mw.ustring.gmatch(text,"(.-)(%d+)")
	local output=""
	repeat
		local chaff,dec=prowl()
		if not(dec) then break end
		local hex=decToHexDigit(dec)
		while (mw.ustring.len(hex)<minlength) do hex="0"..hex end
		output=output..chaff..hex
	until false
	local chaff=mw.ustring.match(text,"(%D+)$") or ""
	return output..chaff
end

return p