Simijaca Formation
The Simijaca Formation (Spanish: Formación Simijaca, K2S, Kss) is a geological formation of the Altiplano Cundiboyacense, Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes. The predominantly mudstone formation dates to the Late Cretaceous period; Turonian and Cenomanian epochs, and has a maximum thickness of 693 metres (2,274 ft).
| Simijaca Formation | |
|---|---|
| Stratigraphic range: Cenomanian-Turonian ~ | |
| Type | Geological formation |
| Unit of | Villeta Group |
| Underlies | La Frontera Formation |
| Overlies | Chiquinquirá Sst., Churuvita Fm., Hiló Fm., Pacho Fm. |
| Thickness | up to 693 m (2,270 ft) |
| Lithology | |
| Primary | Mudstone |
| Other | Shale, sandstone, limestone |
| Location | |
| Coordinates | 5°29′15″N 73°50′55″W / 5.48750°N 73.84861°W |
| Region | Altiplano Cundiboyacense Eastern Ranges, Andes |
| Country | Colombia |
| Type section | |
| Named for | Simijaca |
| Named by | Ulloa & Rodríguez |
| Location | South of Simijaca |
| Year defined | 1991 |
| Coordinates | 5°29′15″N 73°50′55″W / 5.48750°N 73.84861°W |
| Region | Cundinamarca, Boyacá |
| Country | Colombia |
| Thickness at type section | 432 metres (1,420 ft) |
 Paleogeography of Northern South America 90 Ma, by Ron Blakey | |
The Simijaca Formation (Spanish: Formación Simijaca, K2S, Kss) is a geological formation of the Altiplano Cundiboyacense, Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes. The predominantly mudstone formation dates to the Late Cretaceous period; Turonian and Cenomanian epochs, and has a maximum thickness of 693 metres (2,274 ft).
Etymology
[edit]The formation was defined and named in 1991 by Ulloa and Rodríguez after Simijaca, Cundinamarca.[1]
Description
[edit]Lithologies
[edit]The Simijaca Formation is characterised by a sequence of mudstones, grey and black shales with sandstone and limestone intercalations.[1][2]
Stratigraphy and depositional environment
[edit]The Simijaca Formation conformably overlies the Chiquinquirá Sandstone, and the Hiló and Pacho Formations, and is overlain by the La Frontera Formation.[3] The age has been estimated to be Turonian,[1] or Cenomanian.[4] Stratigraphically, the formation is time equivalent with the Chipaque Formation.[5] The formation has been deposited in an open marine platform setting.[6] The deposition is represented by a maximum flooding surface.[7]
Outcrops
[edit]
The Simijaca Formation is apart from its type locality in the Quebrada Don Lope,[2] found at surface in the north of the Bogotá savanna, in the Tabio anticlinal, along the road Ubaté-Carmen de Carupa,[8] at the western and eastern flanks of the Aponsentos-Chiquinquirá Synclinal,[9] near Tena, south of Anolaima and Cachipay,[10] and between Anapoima and Granada.[11]
See also
[edit]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c Montoya & Reyes, 2005, p.21
- ^ a b Acosta & Ulloa, 2001, p.38
- ^ Acosta & Ulloa, 2001, p.32
- ^ Acosta & Ulloa, 2001, p.41
- ^ Montoya & Reyes, 2005, p.22
- ^ García González et al., 2009, p.209
- ^ Villamil, 2012, p.164
- ^ Montoya & Reyes, 2005, p.23
- ^ Plancha 190, 2009
- ^ Plancha 227, 1998
- ^ Plancha 246, 1998
Bibliography
[edit]- Acosta Garay, Jorge; Ulloa Melo, Carlos E. (2001), Geología de la Plancha 208 Villeta - 1:100,000 (PDF), INGEOMINAS, pp. 1–84, retrieved 2017-03-23
- García González, Mario; Mier Umaña, Ricardo; Cruz Guevara, Luis Enrique; Vásquez, Mauricio (2009), Informe Ejecutivo - evaluación del potencial hidrocarburífero de las cuencas colombianas, Universidad Industrial de Santander, pp. 1–219
- Montoya Arenas, Diana María; Reyes Torres, Germán Alfonso (2005), Geología de la Sabana de Bogotá, INGEOMINAS, pp. 1–104
- Villamil, Tomas (2012), Chronology Relative Sea Level History and a New Sequence Stratigraphic Model for Basinal Cretaceous Facies of Colombia, Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM), pp. 161–216
Maps
[edit]- Ulloa, Carlos E; Rodríguez, Erasmo (2009), Plancha 170 - Vélez - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-06-06
- Fuquen M., Jaime A; Osorno M, José F. (2009), Plancha 190 - Chiquinquirá - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-06-06
- Ulloa, Carlos; Acosta, Jorge (1998), Plancha 208 - Villeta - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-06-06
- Montoya, Diana María; Reyes, Germán (2009), Plancha 209 - Zipaquirá - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-06-06
- Ulloa, Carlos E; Rodríguez, Erasmo; Acosta, Jorge E. (1998), Plancha 227 - La Mesa - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-06-06
- Acosta, Jorge E.; Ulloa, Carlos E. (1998), Plancha 246 - Fusagasugá - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-06-06
External links
[edit]- Gómez, J.; Montes, N.E.; Nivia, Á.; Diederix, H. (2015), Plancha 5-09 del Atlas Geológico de Colombia 2015 – escala 1:500,000, Servicio Geológico Colombiano, p. 1, retrieved 2017-03-23