SPINT1

Kunitz-type protease inhibitor 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SPINT1 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Kunitz family of serine protease inhibitors. The protein is a potent inhibitor specific for HGF activator and is thought to be involved in the regulation of the proteolytic activation of HGF in injured tissues. Alternative splicing results in multiple variants encoding different isoforms.

Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

SPINT1
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1YC0, 2MSX, 4ISL, 4ISN, 4ISO, 5EZD
Identifiers
Aliases	SPINT1, HAI, HAI1, MANSC2, serine peptidase inhibitor, Kunitz type 1
External IDs	OMIM: 605123; MGI: 1338033; HomoloGene: 9653; GeneCards: SPINT1; OMA:SPINT1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 15 (human)[1] Band 15q15.1 Start 40,844,018 bp[1] End 40,858,207 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 2 (mouse)[2] Band 2|2 E5 Start 119,067,843 bp[2] End 119,080,008 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in mucosa of transverse colon jejunal mucosa skin of abdomen skin of leg minor salivary glands duodenum olfactory zone of nasal mucosa rectum islet of Langerhans right uterine tube Top expressed in left colon duodenum crypt of lieberkuhn of small intestine transitional epithelium of urinary bladder ileum lip corneal stroma jejunum vestibular membrane of cochlear duct esophagus More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function peptidase inhibitor activity serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity Cellular component extracellular region extracellular exosome membrane extracellular space plasma membrane Biological process negative regulation of peptidase activity negative regulation of endopeptidase activity neural tube closure embryonic placenta development extracellular matrix organization positive regulation of glial cell differentiation branching involved in labyrinthine layer morphogenesis placenta blood vessel development cellular response to BMP stimulus negative regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 6692 20732 Ensembl ENSG00000166145 ENSMUSG00000027315 UniProt O43278 Q9R097 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001032367 NM_003710 NM_181642 NM_001386873 NM_001386874 NM_001386875 NM_016907 RefSeq (protein) NP_001027539 NP_003701 NP_857593 NP_058603 Location (UCSC) Chr 15: 40.84 – 40.86 Mb Chr 2: 119.07 – 119.08 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Kunitz-type protease inhibitor 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SPINT1 gene.^[5]

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Kunitz family of serine protease inhibitors. The protein is a potent inhibitor specific for HGF activator and is thought to be involved in the regulation of the proteolytic activation of HGF in injured tissues. Alternative splicing results in multiple variants encoding different isoforms.^[5]

References

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1. ^ ^{a b c} GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000166145 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. ^ ^{a b c} GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000027315 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. ^ ^{a b} "Entrez Gene: SPINT1 serine peptidase inhibitor, Kunitz type 1".

Further reading

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• Dahl M, Hersh CP, Ly NP, et al. (2005). "The protease inhibitor PI*S allele and COPD: a meta-analysis". Eur. Respir. J. 26 (1): 67–76. doi:10.1183/09031936.05.00135704. PMID 15994391.
• Shimomura T, Denda K, Kitamura A, et al. (1997). "Hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor, a novel Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (10): 6370–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.10.6370. PMID 9045658.
• Yamada T, Tsujioka Y, Taguchi J, et al. (1998). "White matter astrocytes produce hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor in human brain tissues". Exp. Neurol. 153 (1): 60–4. doi:10.1006/exnr.1998.6874. PMID 9743567. S2CID 46233422.
• Kataoka H, Suganuma T, Shimomura T, et al. (1999). "Distribution of hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor type 1 (HAI-1) in human tissues. Cellular surface localization of HAI-1 in simple columnar epithelium and its modulated expression in injured and regenerative tissues". J. Histochem. Cytochem. 47 (5): 673–82. doi:10.1177/002215549904700509. PMID 10219059. S2CID 34649980.
• Lin CY, Anders J, Johnson M, Dickson RB (1999). "Purification and characterization of a complex containing matriptase and a Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor from human milk". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (26): 18237–42. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.26.18237. PMID 10373425.
• Shimomura T, Denda K, Kawaguchi T, et al. (2000). "Multiple sites of proteolytic cleavage to release soluble forms of hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor type 1 from a transmembrane form". J. Biochem. 126 (5): 821–8. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a022522. PMID 10544273.
• Itoh H, Yamauchi M, Kataoka H, et al. (2000). "Genomic structure and chromosomal localization of the human hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor type 1 and 2 genes". Eur. J. Biochem. 267 (11): 3351–9. doi:10.1046/j.1432-1327.2000.01368.x. PMID 10824123.
• Kataoka H, Shimomura T, Kawaguchi T, et al. (2001). "Hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor type 1 is a specific cell surface binding protein of hepatocyte growth factor activator (HGFA) and regulates HGFA activity in the pericellular microenvironment". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (51): 40453–62. doi:10.1074/jbc.M006412200. PMID 11013244.
• Kataoka H, Meng JY, Itoh H, et al. (2001). "Localization of hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor type 1 in Langhans' cells of human placenta". Histochem. Cell Biol. 114 (6): 469–75. doi:10.1007/s004180000228. PMID 11201608. S2CID 25947109.
• Oberst M, Anders J, Xie B, et al. (2001). "Matriptase and HAI-1 are expressed by normal and malignant epithelial cells in vitro and in vivo". Am. J. Pathol. 158 (4): 1301–11. doi:10.1016/S0002-9440(10)64081-3. PMC 1891898. PMID 11290548.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Kirchhofer D, Peek M, Li W, et al. (2003). "Tissue expression, protease specificity, and Kunitz domain functions of hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor-1B (HAI-1B), a new splice variant of HAI-1". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (38): 36341–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M304643200. PMID 12815039.
• Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, et al. (2003). "The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment". Genome Res. 13 (10): 2265–70. doi:10.1101/gr.1293003. PMC 403697. PMID 12975309.
• Colland F, Jacq X, Trouplin V, et al. (2004). "Functional proteomics mapping of a human signaling pathway". Genome Res. 14 (7): 1324–32. doi:10.1101/gr.2334104. PMC 442148. PMID 15231748.
• Zhang Z, Henzel WJ (2005). "Signal peptide prediction based on analysis of experimentally verified cleavage sites". Protein Sci. 13 (10): 2819–24. doi:10.1110/ps.04682504. PMC 2286551. PMID 15340161.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
• Shia S, Stamos J, Kirchhofer D, et al. (2005). "Conformational lability in serine protease active sites: structures of hepatocyte growth factor activator (HGFA) alone and with the inhibitory domain from HGFA inhibitor-1B". J. Mol. Biol. 346 (5): 1335–49. doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2004.12.048. PMID 15713485.
• Fan B, Wu TD, Li W, Kirchhofer D (2005). "Identification of hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor-1B as a potential physiological inhibitor of prostasin". J. Biol. Chem. 280 (41): 34513–20. doi:10.1074/jbc.M502119200. PMID 16103126.
• Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, et al. (2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173–8. Bibcode:2005Natur.437.1173R. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514. S2CID 4427026.

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