Powder puff
Powder puffs are pieces of soft material used for the application of face powder. They may be shaped as balls or pads. Historically, powder puffs have been made of very fine down feathers, cotton, fine fleece, etc. In modern times synthetic materials are widely used for powder puffs. In addition to softness, an important characteristic of powder puffs is their intake ability, i.e., the ability to hold powder. It was reported that for synthetic fibers important factors in designing high-intake powder puffs are mostly geometric ones: fiber diameter, pile length, and space between fibers, with little dependence on material factors. Powder puffs have been used as a stereotype image for soft, careless femininity, as seen, e.g., in the term "powderpuff sports", including collegiate sorority flag football leagues. The name of the Powerpuff Girls is a pun on "powder puff". Ellene Alice Bailey may have been the first American to patent a powder puff with her 1882 invention of a small drawstring cloth bag with a perforated bottom to distribute the powder evenly. She went on to invent three more variations on her powder puff, the last of them patented in 1892, and has been described as "America’s powder puff pioneer".
Powder puffs are pieces of soft material used for the application of face powder. They may be shaped as balls or pads.
Historically, powder puffs have been made of very fine down feathers, cotton, fine fleece, etc. In modern times synthetic materials are widely used for powder puffs.
In addition to softness, an important characteristic of powder puffs is their intake ability, i.e., the ability to hold powder. It was reported that for synthetic fibers important factors in designing high-intake powder puffs are mostly geometric ones: fiber diameter, pile length, and space between fibers, with little dependence on material factors.[1]
Powder puffs have been used as a stereotype image for soft, careless femininity, as seen, e.g., in the term "powderpuff sports", including collegiate sorority flag football leagues. The name of the Powerpuff Girls is a pun on "powder puff".[citation needed]
Ellene Alice Bailey may have been the first American to patent a powder puff with her 1882 invention of a small drawstring cloth bag with a perforated bottom to distribute the powder evenly.[2] She went on to invent three more variations on her powder puff, the last of them patented in 1892,[3][4] and has been described as "America’s powder puff pioneer".[5]
References
[edit]- ^ "Intake Ability of Powder Puffs Made of Synthetic-fiber Cloths" Archived 2011-07-16 at the Wayback Machine, Journal of the Japan Research Association for Textile End-Uses (2005), vol. 46, no. 8. 519-528.
- ^ Compactstory. "In Search of the First American Compact", Part 2. Collecting Vintage Compacts, Feb. 10, 2012; updated May 29, 2014.
- ^ Willard, Frances E., and Mary A. Livermore. "Bailey, Miss Ellen Alice". Fourteen Hundred Hundred-Seventy Biographical Sketches Accompanied by Portraits of Leading American Women in All Walks Of Life. Moulton, 1893, pp. 43-44.
- ^ Willard, Frances E., and Mary A. Livermore, eds. American Women: Fifteen Hundred Biographies with Over 1,400 Portraits: A Comprehensive Encyclopedia of the Lives and Achievements of American Women During the Nineteenth Century. Vol. 2. Mast, Crowell & Kirkpatrick, 1897, pp. 43-44.
- ^ Compactstory (10 February 2012). "In Search of the First American Compact Part 2". Collecting Vintage Compacts. Retrieved 30 November 2017.
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