Nectophrynoides
Nectophrynoides is a genus of true toads, family Bufonidae. They are endemic to Eastern Arc forests and wetlands in Tanzania, and all except N. tornieri are threatened. Species of the genus are ovoviviparous: fertilization is internal, and the females give birth to fully developed, small toadlets. Together with the West Africa Nimbaphrynoides (which was included in Nectophrynoides in the past) and Limnonectes larvaepartus, they are the only frogs/toads in the world that do not lay eggs. The Ethiopian Altiphrynoides (includes Spinophrynoides), which lay eggs, were also part of Nectophrynoides in the past.
| Nectophrynoides | |
|---|---|
| |
| Kihansi spray toad, Nectophrynoides asperginis | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Anura |
| Family: | Bufonidae |
| Genus: | Nectophrynoides Noble, 1926 |
| Type species | |
| Nectophryne tornieri Roux, 1906
| |
| Synonyms[1] | |
|
Tornierobates | |
Nectophrynoides is a genus of true toads, family Bufonidae. They are endemic to Eastern Arc forests and wetlands in Tanzania,[1][2] and all except N. tornieri are threatened. Species of the genus are ovoviviparous: fertilization is internal, and the females give birth to fully developed, small toadlets.[2] Together with the West Africa Nimbaphrynoides (which was included in Nectophrynoides in the past) and Limnonectes larvaepartus, they are the only frogs/toads in the world that do not lay eggs.[3][4] The Ethiopian Altiphrynoides (includes Spinophrynoides), which lay eggs, were also part of Nectophrynoides in the past.[3]
Species
[edit]The genus Nectophrynoides contains 16 accepted species.[1]
| Binomial name and authority | Common name |
|---|---|
| Nectophrynoides asperginis Poynton, Howell, Clarke & Lovett, 1999 | Kihansi spray toad |
| Nectophrynoides cryptus Perret, 1971 | secret tree toad |
| Nectophrynoides frontierei Menegon, Salvidio & Loader, 2004 | frontier forest toad |
| Nectophrynoides laevis Menegon, Salvidio & Loader, 2004 | smooth forest toad |
| Nectophrynoides laticeps Channing, Menegon, Salvidio & Akker, 2005 | |
| Nectophrynoides luhomeroensis Thrane, Lyakurwa, Liedtke, Menegon, Petzold, Loader & Scherz, 2025 | |
| Nectophrynoides minutus Perret, 1972 | minute tree toad |
| Nectophrynoides paulae Menegon, Salvidio, Ngalason & Loader, 2007 | |
| Nectophrynoides poyntoni Menegon, Salvidio & Loader, 2004 | Poynton's forest toad |
| Nectophrynoides pseudotornieri Menegon, Salvidio & Loader, 2004 | pseudo forest toad |
| Nectophrynoides saliensis Thrane, Lyakurwa, Liedtke, Menegon, Petzold, Loader & Scherz, 2025 | |
| Nectophrynoides tornieri (Roux, 1906) | Tornier's Tree Toad |
| Nectophrynoides uhehe Thrane, Lyakurwa, Liedtke, Menegon, Petzold, Loader & Scherz, 2025 | |
| Nectophrynoides vestergaardi Menegon, Salvidio & Loader, 2004 | Vestergaard's forest toad |
| Nectophrynoides viviparus (Tornier, 1905) | Morogoro tree toad |
| Nectophrynoides wendyae Clarke, 1988 | Uzungwe Scarp tree toad |
References
[edit]- ^ a b c Frost, Darrel R. (2017). "Nectophrynoides Noble, 1926". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ a b Channing, A., Howell, K.M. (2006). Amphibians of East Africa. Frankfurt am Main, Germany: Edition Chimaira. 418 pp. ISBN 3-930612-53-4. (Genus Nectophrynoides, pp. 104–117).
- ^ a b Wells, K.D. (2007). The Ecology and Behavior of Amphibians. Chigago: University of Chicago Press. 1,160 pp. ISBN 978-0-226-89334-1. (Genus Nectophrynoides, pp. 486–487).
- ^ Iskandar, D.T.; Evans, B.J.; McGuire, J.A. (2014). "A novel reproductive mode in frogs: a new species of fanged frog with internal fertilization and birth of tadpoles". PLoS One. 9 (12) e115884. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...9k5884I. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0115884. PMC 4281041. PMID 25551466.
External links
[edit]
Data related to Nectophrynoides at Wikispecies
Media related to Nectophrynoides at Wikimedia Commons
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