Inconsistent triad
An inconsistent triad is a set of three propositions that cannot all be true together. For example, 'She was an orphan; Tim outlived her; Tim was her father'. All inconsistent triads lead to trilemmas: If A and B are true, C must be false. If A and C are true, B must be false. If B and C are true, A must be false.
An inconsistent triad is a set of three propositions that cannot all be true together. For example, 'She was an orphan; Tim outlived her; Tim was her father'.[1]
All inconsistent triads lead to trilemmas:
- If A and B are true, C must be false.
- If A and C are true, B must be false.
- If B and C are true, A must be false.[2]
Epistemology
[edit]- Knowledge is justified true belief.[3]
- Humans cannot provide justification for their beliefs.[4]
- Humans possess knowledge.[5]
Political philosophy
[edit]- A just society maximizes individual liberty.[6]
- A just society maximizes material equality.[7]
- A just society cannot maximize both liberty and equality.[8]
Ethics
[edit]- Actions that maximize overall well-being are morally right.[9]
- Lying can sometimes maximize overall well-being.[10]
- Lying is always morally wrong.[11]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "The Oxford companion to philosophy". Choice Reviews Online. 33 (5): 33–2495–33-2495. 1996-01-01. doi:10.5860/CHOICE.33-2495 (inactive 1 July 2025). S2CID 142841293.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of July 2025 (link) - ^ Sullivan, Scott M. (2005-10-26). An Introduction To Traditional Logic: Classical Reasoning For Contemporary. Booksurge Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4196-1671-6.
- ^ de Grefte, Job (2023-02-01). "Knowledge as Justified True Belief". Erkenntnis. 88 (2): 531–549. doi:10.1007/s10670-020-00365-7. ISSN 1572-8420.
- ^ Hume, David (2020), An Enquiry concerning Human Understanding, Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/owc/9780199549900.001.0001/isbn-9780199549900 (inactive 1 July 2025), ISBN 978-0-19-192173-5, retrieved 2025-02-21
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of July 2025 (link) - ^ Descartes, René; Moriarty, Michael (2008). Meditations on first philosophy: with selections from the Objections and replies. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-280696-3.
- ^ Nozick, Robert (1974). Anarchy, State, and Utopia. New York: Basic Books.
- ^ Rawls, John (1971). A Theory of Justice: Original Edition. Harvard University Press. doi:10.2307/j.ctvjf9z6v. ISBN 978-0-674-88010-8. JSTOR j.ctvjf9z6v.
- ^ Berlin, Isaiah (2002-03-07), Berlin, Isaiah; Hardy (eds.), "Two Concepts of Liberty", Liberty, Oxford University Press, pp. 166–217, doi:10.1093/019924989x.003.0004, ISBN 978-0-19-924989-3, retrieved 2025-02-20
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: work parameter with ISBN (link) - ^ Bentham, Jeremy (1890). Utilitarianism. Progressive Publishing Company.
- ^ Greasley, Kate (2019). "The Morality of Lying and the Murderer at the Door". Law and Philosophy. 38 (5/6): 439–452. doi:10.1007/s10982-018-09342-2. ISSN 0167-5249. JSTOR 45284255.
- ^ Wood, Allen W. (2011). "Kant and the right to lie reviewed essay: On a supposed right to lie from philanthropy, by Inmanuel Kant (1797)". Eidos (15): 96–117. ISSN 1692-8857.
Further reading
[edit]- Brewer, B. (2011). The Inconsistent Triad. Perception, Causation, and Objectivity, 68.
- Howard-Snyder, F., Howard-Snyder, D., & Wasserman, R. (2009). The Power of Logic (4th Edition). New York: McGraw-Hill. (p. 336) ISBN 978-0-07-340737-1